«ناصرالدین شاه سر ناهار فرمودند می‌خواهم باغ فردوس را ۲۰ هزار تومان بخرم. من عرض کردم که شاه مرحوم در قصر محمدیه نزدیک باغ فردوس مرحوم شد، من به دلم بد آمد. شما آنجا را ابتیاع نفرمایید. عجب این حرف موثر شد. فی‌الفور به هم خورد.» (روزنامه خاطرات اعتمادالسلطنه، شعبان ١٣٠٢هجری قمری)
«ناصرالدین شاه سر ناهار فرمودند می‌خواهم باغ فردوس را ۲۰ هزار تومان بخرم. من عرض کردم که شاه مرحوم در قصر محمدیه نزدیک باغ فردوس مرحوم شد، من به دلم بد آمد. شما آنجا را ابتیاع نفرمایید. عجب این حرف موثر شد. فی‌الفور به هم خورد.» (روزنامه خاطرات اعتمادالسلطنه، شعبان ١٣٠٢هجری قمری)
باغ و عمارتی که به خاطر زیبایی‌اش فردوس نامیده می‌شد و هم اکنون نیز با همان زیبایی و طراوت در اندک مساحتی از زمین‌هایش نزدیک تجریش خودنمایی می‌کند با بیش از ١۵٠ سال قدمت میان صاحبانش دست به دست شد تا به دوران ما رسید. فکر بنای این عمارت ییلاقی زمانی پدید آمد که محمدشاه برای تکیه زدن به کرسی سلطنت راهی تهران شد و تصمیم گرفت که در منطقه شمیران و در اراضی محمدیه کاخی ییلاقی بسازد. شاهان قاجار بنا بر عادت قدیمی ایرانیان، فصل گرما را خارج از شهر و در خنکای کوهپایه‌ها می‌گذراندند.
مادام‌دیولافوا – باستان‌شناس معروف فرانسوی که اواخر قرن نوزدهم در ایران به سر می‌برد- در خاطراتش می‌نویسد: «وقتی هوای تهران گرم است، درباریان و سفارتخانه‌ها به دهکده‌های قشنگ و خنک در دره‌های مشجر البرز مثل قلهک و تجریش پناه می‌برند».
هنگامی که حاج میرزا آقاسی قصر محمدیه را می‌ساخت، حسینعلی‌خان معیرالممالک – وزیر مالیه و خزانه‌دار سلطنتی که برای شاه جانفشانی‌ها کرده بود- لازم دید همیشه در دربار حاضر باشد و محل مناسبی نزدیک قصر خریداری و عمارت باغ فردوس را بنا کرد. با درگذشت محمدشاه، قصر متروک شد و ناصرالدین شاه جوان خوش نداشت در جایی که پدرش در آن جان سپرده زندگی کند. پس وقتی بعد از سال‌ها می‌خواست باغ را بخرد اعتمادالسلطنه بدشگونی آن را گوشزد کرد.
صاحب بعدی باغ فردوس پسر معیرالممالک به نام دوستعلی‌خان بود که مناصب و القاب پدرش را به ارث برد. دوستعلی‌خان معیرالممالک به واسطه مقام دامادی شاه، گاهی میزبان او می‌شد: «شاه سوار شدند. باغ فردوس خانه معیر، یعنی [خانه] عصمت‌الدوله دخترشان رفته بودند». (همان-ذی‌الحجه ١٣٠٣ هجری قمری)
معیرالممالک از کسانی بود که به نوسازی و تغییرات علاقه داشت و تحت‌تاثیر هنر اروپایی به احداث بناهای مهم حکومتی نظیر شمس العماره و تکیه دولت اقدام کرد. عمارت باغ فردوس را ابتدا در دو طبقه به سبک آن دوران که «گوش فیل» نامیده می‌شد، بنا کردند و او نمای آن را مانند یک معبد یونانی و گچ‌بری‌هایی با طرح گل و برگ انگور تزئین کرد، که تلفیقی از هنر رومی و ایرانی بود و باغ به سبک باغ‌های فرانسوی طراحی شد و بخش اندرونی را در قسمت جنوبی باغ بنا کرد و «رشک بهشت» نامید. او هر روز بیشتر در زیبایی باغ می‌کوشید.
مستر بنیامین – اولین وزیر مختار آمریکا- در کتاب خود به نام – «ایران و ایرانیان» – درباره معیرالممالک می‌نویسد: «او شخصی بود با ظرافت طبع و سلیقه را به درجه کمال رسانیده بود و در اطراف تهران عمارت باشکوهی ساخت به نام باغ فردوس که یکی از عمارات پرشکوه دنیا می‌توان شمرد».
اما طراوت و زیبایی باغ همیشگی نبود؛ دوست‌محمد خان معیرالممالک – پسر دوستعلی خان- در سفر فرنگ اسراف کرد و بدهکار شد و به اوضاع باغ رسیدگی نکرد و باغ رو به ویرانی نهاد. اعتمادالسلطنه در خاطراتش می‌نویسد: «ساعت پنج شاه تشریف آوردند. ۱۸ سال بود این باغ را ندیده بودم. تمام درخت‌ها افتاده و عمارت خراب شده. در حقیقت وادی برهوت. آن وقتی که نظام‌الدوله معیرالممالک در این باغ بود که سجده‌گاه مردم بود». (رمضان- ١٣٠۴هجری قمری)
باغ فردوس با تمام ویرانی‌اش صاحبانی نظیر، میرزاحسین شیرازی – تاجر اعیان دوره مظفری- میرزاحسین طهرانی، امین‌الملک و محمدولی‌خان سپهسالار تنکابنی داشت که بعضی از آنها در آبادانی آن کوشیدند و بعضی مثل وراث میرزاحسین طهرانی نه‌تنها آن را بازسازی نکردند بلکه زمین‌های باغ را که مساحتش به ۲۰ هزار متر می‌رسید بین خود تقسیم کردند و تکه‌تکه به فروش رساندند. در دوره رضاخان باغ‌فردوس به دستور علی‌اصغرخان حکمت – وزیر معارف- خریداری و تبدیل به مدرسه شاپور تجریش شد. بعد از انقلاب اسلامی در سال ١٣٨١ با تصمیم وزارت فرهنگ و ارشاد، میراث فرهنگی و شهرداری، این باغ مرکز فرهنگی و هنری شد تا از دستبرد و ویرانی در امان بماند.
امروزه عمارت باغ فردوس موزه سینمای ایران است و شامل بخش‌هایی است که به تاریخ سینمای ایران از دوران قاجار تا امروز می‌پردازد. در این بخش‌ها بازدیدکنندگان با پیشینه بنای باغ فردوس، موزه سینما و پیدایش سینما در جهان و ایران آشنا می‌شوند و یادگارها، اسناد و تصاویر صحنه و پشت صحنه فیلم‌ها، پرتره کارگردانان، فیلم‌برداران، چهره‌پردازان، طراحان صحنه و لباس، بازیگران، دوبلورها، موسیقی‌دانان، افتخارات سینمای ایران در جشنواره‌های بین‌المللی، خدمات ارمنیان ایران برای اعتلای سینما و بخش‌های سینمای دفاع مقدس و کودک و نوجوان را تماشا می‌کنند.
اما شاید آنهایی که باغ فردوس را برای موزه سینما انتخاب کردند، نمی‌دانستند که روزگاری این عمارت در دوران ناصرالدین شاه محل اجرای مجالس نمایش تعزیه بوده است. محوطه باغ و هفت‌حوض بزرگ آن محل مناسبی برای اجرای تعزیه بود. «شاه امروز خانه معیرالممالک تعزیه رفته بودند». (روزنامه خاطرات اعتمادالسلطنه، ربیع‌الاول١٣٠٢ هجری قمری). پس از سال‌ها این عمارت که محل اجرای اولین هنر نمایشی ایران بوده تبدیل به خانه و موزه سینما شده است.
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