دلیل ایجاد سوزش در دهان:
دلیل ایجاد سوزش در دهان پس از خوردن فلفل، مولکولی به نام کپسایسین (capsicin) است.
جالب است بدانید این مولکول به قدری قوی است که اگر یک گرم از آن را در یک ظرف 10 لیتری آب حل کنید باز هم تندی خود را دارد.
چرا زمانی که فلفل می خوریم احساس سوختگی می کنیم؟ قبل از اینکه به این سوال پاسخ بدهیم بهتر است بفهمیم، مزه چیست و چگونه کار می کند؟
سطح زبان مملو از پُرزهای چشایی است. هر پُرز دارای جوانه های فراوانی است و هر جوانه ده ها سلول حسی دارد که به مغز فرمان می فرستند. این سلول ها روی سطح خود گیرنده هایی دارند که شبیه به قفل هستند. شکل این قفل ها با هم فرق می کند و هر کدام مسئول پذیرفتن یک نوع مزه است.
برخی از آن ها تنها به سردی و گرمی پاسخ می دهند. وقتی ما یک نوع غذا یا نوشیدنی مصرف می کنیم، مولکول های غذا وارد قفل مربوط به خود می شود و سلول های حسی، پیام مربوط به آن مزه را به مغز می فرستند.
هر چه تعداد پیام های مخابره شده بیشتر باشد، شما آن مزه را بهتر حس می کنید.
همان طور که گفته شد مولکولی به نام کپسایسین سبب بروز حس سوزش در فلفل است، اما نکته جالب اینجاست که قفل گیرنده این مولکول در سطح زبان، با قفل گیرنده حس گرما یکسان است، بنابراین سلول های قفل با گرفتن این مولکول، حس داغی را به مغز مخابره می کنند و مغز پیغام “خطر، آتش گرفتن” را به دهان ارسال می کند.
جالب تر آن که سلول های حسی و قفل های آن ها تنها در سطح زبان وجود ندارند و در سطح بدن پخش هستند. به همین دلیل اگر فلفل را دور دهان یا روی پلک چشم بمالید، همین احساس را ایجاد می کند، حتی اگر فلفل بسیار تند باشد می تواند سبب التهاب پوست شود.
اگر پس از خوردن فلفل احساس سوختگی کردید، فراموش نکنید که خوردن آب درمان آن نیست، چون این مولکول در آب حل نمی شود؛ اما اگر مقداری شیر، ماست یا روغن بخورید به سرعت حس سوختگی و سوزش از بین می رود.
رفع سوزش فلفل از دست، دهان و چشم
راههای از بین بردن سوزش ناشی از خوردن فلفل
درمان سوزش دهان با خوردن فلفل
زمانی که دهان شما با خوردن فلفل می سوزد دقت کنید از نوشیدن آب خودداری کنید. زیرا کپسایسین در آب حل نمی شود و آب سبب پخش شدن آن در دهان می شود. و سوزش را به کل دهان انتقال می دهد.
* خوردن لبنیات خنک
پس از خوردن فلفل و سوختن فورا از ماست استفاده کنید. خوردن ماست، شیر و دوغ سبب کم شدن سوزش دهان می شود.
* استفاده از روغن های گیاهی
مالیدن روغن های گیاهی روی زبان سبب کاهش سوزش دهان می شود. بهتر است مقداری کره بادام زمینی مصرف کنید.
* استفاده از غذاهای نشاسته دار
اگر هنگام غذا خوردن از فلفل استفاده کردید و ماست و دوغ در دسترس نبود از غذاهای نشاسته دار مانند برنج یا نان و یا سیب زمینی استفاده کنید تا سوزش را کمتر کند. با مصرف چند قاشق و یا چند لقمه سوزش رفع می شود.
* مصرف گوجه فرنگی
مصرف گوجه فرنگی به دلیل اسیدی بودن موجب کاهش سوزش دهان می شود.
از بین بردن سوزش دست بعد از خرد کردن فلفل
درمان سوزش دست و یا صورت بعد از تماس با فلفل
* از شیر استفاده کنید
سریعا محل را با شیر بشویید تا سوزش کمتر شود. اگر سوزش زیاد بود مقداری شیر خنک را داخل کاسه ای بریزید و دست خود را داخل آن قرار بدهید. مدتی نگه دارید تا سوزش کمتر شود.
* مقداری روغن گیاهی مانند روغن زیتون روی محل سوزش بمالید تا سوزش کمتر شود.
* مالیدن خمیر دندان به خصوص خمیر دندان نعنایی سوزش را کمتر می کند.
* یکی از راههای کاهش سوزش ناشی از فلفل، زدن سرکه سیب به محل سوزش می باشد.
درمان سوزش چشم ناشی از فلفل
برای رفع سوزش چشم با فلفل
گاهی اوقات افراد مرتکب اشتباهی می شوند که پس از خرد کردن فلفل دست های آغشته به فلفل را به چشم هایشان می زنند. این کار سبب سوزش بسیار چشم می شود.
* هرگز چشم را نشویید زیرا همانطور که گفتیم کپسایسین در آب حل نمی شود و سبب پخش شدن آن می شود و ناحیه ی بیشتری شروع به سوزش می کند.
* برای اینکه سوزش چشم تان کمتر شود. ابتدا پنبه ای تمیز را به شیر خنک آغشته کنید و در محلی که می سوزد قرار بدهید. این کار سبب کمتر شدن سوزش می شود.
امکان دارد این کار نیاز به تکرار داشته باشد.
* گریه کردن سبب کاهش سوزش می شود. سعی کنید اشک بریزید تا اشک ها به قسمت های تند مالیده شود و سوزش کمتر شود. وجود نمک در اشک سبب کاهش سوزش می شود. بنابراین اگر اشک تان نمی آید می توانید از مقداری آب نمک تهیه کنید و با پنبه یا پدی تمیزی روی محل سوزش بگذارید.
اگر در دید شما تاثیر گذاشته بود و با گذشت زمان بهتر نشدید به پزشک مراجعه کنید.
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