مهارت حل مسئله چیست؟
مهارت حل مسئله فرایندی ذهنی است که هدف نهایی آن رد کردن موانع و پیدا کردن بهترین راه حل ها برای مشکلات است. تعریف بهترین راه کار به صورت کلی امکان پذیر نیست و هر فرد با توجه به دانش و تجربیات قبلی خود، شرایط و موقعیت فعلی روش هایی را ارائه می کند. برخی مواقع نیاز است تا افراد به مطالعه و افزایش دانش بپردازند یا بداهه عمل کردن و استفاده از خلاقیت در مواقعی می تواند روش مناسبی باشد. به همین دلیل یاد گیری مهارت های حل مسئله می تواند تاثیرات بسیاری در افزایش کیفیت زندگی و احساس شادی داشته باشد.
پرسش های مورد نیاز برای حل مسئله
جالب است بدانید بسیاری از محققان معتقدند توانایی و مهارت های حل مسئله تاثیر بسیاری در سلامت ذهنی دارد و اگرچه افراد ریشه و دلیل مشکلات خود را اتفاقی تلخ می دانند اما این نحوه کنار آمدن با انهاست که در سلامت ذهنی تاثیر گذار است. همچنین ثابت شده است افرادی که توانایی حل مسئله ضعیف تری دارند بیشتر موجب مشکلاتی مانند افسردگی هستند.
روش حل مسئله
برای حل مسائل راه های بسیاری وجود دارد اما ممکن مراحل مشترکی داشته باشند
یکی از راهکار های پرکاربرد استفاده از روش حل مسئله دایره ای است. این روش دو مرحله شامل بهبود و تدوین استراتژی و طبقه بندی و افزایش دانش می باشد. ممکن است افراد این مراحل را با جدیت کامل طی نکنند یا از انها به سرعت رد شوند که باعث می شود این مهارت را به خوبی یاد نگیرند. همچنین ممکن است برخی در یک مرحله بماند اما همانطور که از اسم این روش پیداست باید به درستی مراحل را طی کنید و در صورت نتیجه نگرفتن، استراتژی های بهتری استفاده کنید و دانش خود را افزایش دهید.
پرورش مهارت حل مسئله
روش هایی جهت بهبود و افزایش مهارت های حل مسئله وجود دارد که استفاده از آنها می تواند به کمکتان بیاید. این روش ها عبارتند از:
۱. شناسایی مسئله
این کار ممکن است سطحی و پیش پا افتاده به نظر برسد اما تصور کنید یک مسئله خیلی مهم و ساده در زندگی تان وجود دارد اما تمامی تلاش های شما برای حل آن بی نتیجه می ماند. اگر کمی دقیق تر به مسئله دقت کنید ممکن است متوجه شدید تنها بخشی از این مسئله به عنوان مشکل در نظر گرفته شده است اما مشکلات دیگری نیز در رابطه با آن وجود دارد.
۲. تعریف مسئله
تعریف مسئله شما را یک قدم به حل ان نزدیک تر می کند
قدم دوم در حل مسئله تعریف درست آن می باشد. در واقع پس از شناخت مسئله باید به طور کامل آن را برای خود تعریف کنید که بتوانید راه حل هایی جهت حل مشکلات ارائه دهید. توجه کنید که در تعریف مسئله نکاتی مانند قابلیت سنجش، عینی و اختصاصی بودن اهمیت دارند و باید پس از تعریف ان بتوانید به هدف برسید.
۳. مهارت حل مسئله / تدوین استراتژی
پس از دو قدم دیگر در مرحله سوم باید یک راه کار عملی ارائه دهید. بدیهی است که نمی توان از یک استراتژی یا روش کلی در این بخش استفاده کرد و با توجه به شخصیت و افکار، شرایط فردی و موقعیتی که در آن قرار گرفته اید تصمیم هایی بگیرید.
البته تصمیم گیری درست و بداهه عمل کردن در شرایط بحرانی سخت تر می باشد اما با این حال بیشتر افرادی که در این مرحله موفقیت آمیز عمل نمی کنند به اختلالات شخصیتی یا افسردگی و… مبتلا می شوند.
۴. منظم کردن اطلاعات
پیش از هر اقدامی بهتر است اطلاعاتی که در دسترس دارید را مرتب کرده و طبقه بندی کنید. بدین ترتیب می توانید میزان آگاهی خود از موضوع را سنجیده، ابهامات را پیدا کنید و به دنبال اطلاعات جدیدتر بگردید.
۵. اولویت بندی
منابع ما در اکثر بخش ها مانند مالی، زمانی یا موارد دیگر محدود هستند. بدین ترتیب بهتر است برای مسائل اولویت بندی کرده و آنهایی که ارزش وقتتان را ندارد دور بی اندازید و انرژی خود را روی مسائل مهم تر بگذارید.
۶. تحلیل و بررسی
یکی از مهم ترین اقدام ها نظارت و تحلیل روند پیشرفت می باشد. در صورتی که روش و استراتژی مورد استفاده باعث پیشرفت نمی شود نیاز دارید تا راهکار و هدف خود را بازبینی کنید.
همچنین به این نکته توجه کنید که مقدار اعتماد به نفس شما در نوع نگاهتان به پیشرفت تاثیر بسیاری دارد و باید از خطاهای شناختی نیز جلوگیری کنید.
۷. نتیجه گیری
در صورتی که راه حلی برای مسئله پیدا کردید باید نتیجه آن را بررسی کنید. ایا این روش بهترین مسیر برای برطرف کردن مشکلات است و به نتیجه دلخواه شما ختم می شود؟ این ارزیابی با توجه به نوع مسئله می تواند سریع (مانند بررسی جواب یک مسئله ریاضی) یا کند (مانند بررسی نتایج جلسات روان درمانی) پیش برود.
۸. استفاده از گستره یا RANGE
مشاهده و شبیه سازی باعث می شود استفاده از گستره در حل مسائل کارامد شوند
دنیای امروز هرچه بیشتر به سمت تخصصی شدن پیش می رود اما این تخصصی شدن و تمرکز تنها روی چند موضوع معایبی ندارد؟! سال ها پیش یک پروژه در کشور آمریکا اجرا شد که در ان مسائل بزرگی که برای متخصصان سازمان های معروف مانند ناسا سال ها غیرقابل حل بود در دسترس عموم قرار می گرفت. بسیاری از این مسائل طی چند ماه توسط افرادی حل می شدند که غیر مرتبط ترین شغل ها را نسبت به مسئله طرح شده دارند اما با موارد مشابهی نیز روبرو شده اند.
منبع:بیتوته
Hmm is anyone else experiencing problems with the images on this blog loading? I’m trying to determine if its a problem on my end or if it’s the blog. Any suggestions would be greatly appreciated.|
real cialis no generic Determine the toxicity of this regimen in these patients
On Zhao Ling is body, a faint blackness gradually appeared what age do u have to be to take viagra Always check to see if any of there natural remedies interfere with your current medication
viagra fenazopiridina con norfloxacino Odierno said that while troops going to Afghanistan had been trained, they were trained now to do training and advising only best place to buy cialis online forum Martino would go in the Guiness Book of World Records, Sher commented
sodium alginate, ascorbic acid e generic levitra
где купить справку
I am curious to find out what blog system you happen to be working with? I’m experiencing some minor security problems with my latest website and I would like to find something more safe. Do you have any solutions?
I’m really enjoying the design and layout of your site. It’s a very easy on the eyes which makes it much more enjoyable for me to come here and visit more often. Did you hire out a designer to create your theme? Great work!
Howdy, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and i was just wondering if you get a lot of spam feedback? If so how do you stop it, any plugin or anything you can advise? I get so much lately it’s driving me insane so any assistance is very much appreciated.
Unquestionably believe that which you stated. Your favorite justification appeared to be on the internet the simplest thing to be aware of. I say to you, I definitely get irked while people consider worries that they plainly do not know about. You managed to hit the nail upon the top as well as defined out the whole thing without having side effect , people can take a signal. Will likely be back to get more. Thanks
I will right away grasp your rss as I can not find your email subscription link or newsletter service. Do you have any? Please allow me realize so that I may just subscribe. Thanks.
If some one desires to be updated with most recent technologies afterward he must be pay a visit this web site and be up to date everyday.
I am sure this post has touched all the internet users, its really really nice article on building up new blog.
Pretty great post. I simply stumbled upon your blog and wanted to mention that I have really enjoyed browsing your blog posts. In any case I’ll be subscribing in your feed and I am hoping you write again soon!
The Horseracing Integrity Safety Act was signed into law where do you buy viagra
Thanks for finally writing about > %blog_title% < Liked it!
Wonderful article! We will be linking to this great post on our site. Keep up the good writing.
I enjoy reading through a post that will make people think. Also, thanks for allowing me to comment!
This piece of writing is actually a pleasant one it helps new internet viewers, who are wishing for blogging.
Excellent blog here! Also your website loads up fast! What host are you using? Can I get your affiliate link to your host? I wish my site loaded up as fast as yours lol
I was extremely pleased to discover this great site. I wanted to thank you for your time due to this wonderful read!! I definitely loved every bit of it and I have you book marked to check out new things on your website.
Hi, yup this piece of writing is in fact pleasant and I have learned lot of things from it about blogging. thanks.
My spouse and I absolutely love your blog and find most of your post’s to be precisely what I’m looking for. Would you offer guest writers to write content for you personally? I wouldn’t mind publishing a post or elaborating on some of the subjects you write related to here. Again, awesome blog!
You can definitely see your enthusiasm in the article you write. The world hopes for more passionate writers like you who aren’t afraid to mention how they believe. All the time go after your heart.
continuously i used to read smaller articles or reviews which also clear their motive, and that is also happening with this article which I am reading here.
If you are going for most excellent contents like me, simply pay a visit this web site everyday since it offers quality contents, thanks
After exploring a few of the blog articles on your web page, I really like your way of blogging. I bookmarked it to my bookmark website list and will be checking back soon. Take a look at my web site as well and let me know what you think.
I simply could not depart your web site prior to suggesting that I really enjoyed the standard information a person supply in your visitors? Is going to be back regularly in order to inspect new posts
This is a topic that is close to my heart… Many thanks! Where are your contact details though?
Howdy! I just would like to give you a huge thumbs up for the great info you have here on this post. I will be coming back to your site for more soon.
I’m not sure where you are getting your info, but good topic. I needs to spend some time learning more or understanding more. Thanks for magnificent information I was looking for this information for my mission.
Everything is very open with a precise explanation of the issues. It was truly informative. Your website is very useful. Thanks for sharing!
Howdy! I know this is kinda off topic however I’d figured I’d ask. Would you be interested in exchanging links or maybe guest writing a blog article or vice-versa? My website discusses a lot of the same subjects as yours and I feel we could greatly benefit from each other. If you might be interested feel free to send me an e-mail. I look forward to hearing from you! Excellent blog by the way!
Hi, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and i was just wondering if you get a lot of spam feedback? If so how do you prevent it, any plugin or anything you can suggest? I get so much lately it’s driving me mad so any assistance is very much appreciated.
Neat blog! Is your theme custom made or did you download it from somewhere? A design like yours with a few simple adjustements would really make my blog shine. Please let me know where you got your design. Bless you
Hey very interesting blog!
Thanks for finally writing about > %blog_title% < Liked it!
Terrific article! This is the type of information that are supposed to be shared around the web. Disgrace on the seek engines for now not positioning this publish upper! Come on over and seek advice from my web site . Thank you =)
Heya i’m for the primary time here. I came across this board and I find It truly useful & it helped me out a lot. I hope to provide something back and help others like you helped me.
Шикарный мужской эротический массаж Москва выбрать лучший
You can definitely see your expertise in the article you write. The arena hopes for more passionate writers like you who aren’t afraid to mention how they believe. Always go after your heart.
Hello there, just became aware of your blog through Google, and found that it is really informative. I’m gonna watch out for brussels. I will appreciate if you continue this in future. Lots of people will be benefited from your writing. Cheers!
Hello there! This is kind of off topic but I need some help from an established blog. Is it very difficult to set up your own blog? I’m not very techincal but I can figure things out pretty fast. I’m thinking about creating my own but I’m not sure where to start. Do you have any points or suggestions? Appreciate it
Hi there mates, how is all, and what you want to say concerning this article, in my view its truly remarkable in favor of me.
I don’t know if it’s just me or if everyone else experiencing problems with your website. It appears as if some of the text on your posts are running off the screen. Can someone else please comment and let me know if this is happening to them too? This might be a problem with my browser because I’ve had this happen before. Appreciate it
Hi, i read your blog occasionally and i own a similar one and i was just wondering if you get a lot of spam responses? If so how do you reduce it, any plugin or anything you can suggest? I get so much lately it’s driving me mad so any assistance is very much appreciated.
Very rapidly this web site will be famous among all blogging viewers, due to it’s nice posts
Everything is very open with a very clear description of the issues. It was truly informative. Your website is extremely helpful. Thanks for sharing!
I was wondering if you ever considered changing the layout of your site? Its very well written; I love what youve got to say. But maybe you could a little more in the way of content so people could connect with it better. Youve got an awful lot of text for only having one or two images. Maybe you could space it out better?
It’s awesome to visit this site and reading the views of all mates about this piece of writing, while I am also eager of getting knowledge.
Howdy! This post couldn’t be written any better! Reading this post reminds me of my old room mate! He always kept talking about this. I will forward this page to him. Pretty sure he will have a good read. Thank you for sharing!
I enjoy, cause I found exactly what I used to be looking for. You have ended my 4 day long hunt! God Bless you man. Have a nice day. Bye
I blog frequently and I truly appreciate your content. This article has really peaked my interest. I will bookmark your website and keep checking for new information about once a week. I subscribed to your RSS feed as well.
Hi there all, here every one is sharing these familiarity, so it’s nice to read this webpage, and I used to go to see this blog every day.
Hmm is anyone else experiencing problems with the images on this blog loading? I’m trying to find out if its a problem on my end or if it’s the blog. Any feed-back would be greatly appreciated.
We stumbled over here different web page and thought I may as well check things out. I like what I see so now i am following you. Look forward to finding out about your web page for a second time.
Hi there! I know this is somewhat off topic but I was wondering which blog platform are you using for this site? I’m getting fed up of WordPress because I’ve had issues with hackers and I’m looking at options for another platform. I would be awesome if you could point me in the direction of a good platform.
It’s really a nice and helpful piece of information. I’m glad that you shared this helpful info with us. Please stay us informed like this. Thank you for sharing.
My brother suggested I might like this blog. He used to be totally right. This post actually made my day. You cann’t consider just how much time I had spent for this information! Thank you!
Hi to every one, as I am actually keen of reading this blog’s post to be updated daily. It consists of nice stuff.
It’s an remarkable post in favor of all the internet viewers; they will get benefit from it I am sure.
Interesting blog! Is your theme custom made or did you download it from somewhere? A design like yours with a few simple adjustements would really make my blog shine. Please let me know where you got your design. With thanks
Wow that was strange. I just wrote an very long comment but after I clicked submit my comment didn’t show up. Grrrr… well I’m not writing all that over again. Anyways, just wanted to say wonderful blog!
Fabulous, what a weblog it is! This weblog provides useful data to us, keep it up.
Hey there, I think your website might be having browser compatibility issues. When I look at your blog in Ie, it looks fine but when opening in Internet Explorer, it has some overlapping. I just wanted to give you a quick heads up! Other then that, very good blog!
I am extremely impressed with your writing skills and also with the layout on your blog. Is this a paid theme or did you customize it yourself? Either way keep up the nice quality writing, it’s rare to see a nice blog like this one nowadays.
Today, I went to the beachfront with my kids. I found a sea shell and gave it to my 4 year old daughter and said “You can hear the ocean if you put this to your ear.” She put the shell to her ear and screamed. There was a hermit crab inside and it pinched her ear. She never wants to go back! LoL I know this is entirely off topic but I had to tell someone!
This piece of writing will help the internet users for building up new website or even a blog from start to end.
Hi there! This is my 1st comment here so I just wanted to give a quick shout out and tell you I truly enjoy reading through your blog posts. Can you suggest any other blogs/websites/forums that deal with the same subjects? Thanks a ton!
You can definitely see your expertise in the article you write. The world hopes for more passionate writers like you who aren’t afraid to mention how they believe. All the time go after your heart.